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Art History help true and false !?
1) Registers on the Column of Trajan depict the conquests of the emperor in bands that are 2 feet tall from the bottom all the way to the top of the column.
2) Because the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius shows the emperor wearing no armor and carrying no weapons, it is called an example of a “philosopher portrait” showing that he wins his victories using no effort, as if it is the will of the gods.
3) It was not uncommon for Roman emperors to have large statues or parts on monuments “modified” so that the faces on these items were his own.
4) The Byzantine church called “Hagia Sophia” is a church that follows the Central Plan in its floor plan.
5) One of the beautiful aspects of the Church of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy is the liberal use of tesserae in it’s many mosaic murals that cover the church walls
1) True, most specifically the conquest of Dacia.
2) False. Marcus Aurelius was known for his love of philosophy, but an equestrian statue and a philosopher statue are two totally separate sculptural traditions. There are plenty of statues of emperors without military attributes.
3) True. The re-cutting of statues was common, especially in cases where the original subject had his memory damned by the Senate (damnatio memoriae). For example, many statues of Domitian were re-cut to the visage of Nerva. Nero had his face put on the colossal statue of Sol Invictus.
4) True. The Hagia Sophia is centered around a large central dome. Typically, Byzantine churches followed a central plan with the cross resembling a “+” sign. Western churches used the more familiar Christian Cross plan, with one length longer than the other.
5) True… but I don’t know why the use of tesserae should make something beautiful. Originally, mosaics were made out of natural pebbles that were meticulously collected and sorted. Tesserae were manufactured colored cubes that replaced pebble mosaics because they were easier to use and cheaper to procure. They came into use by 200 BC at the latest, and were standard pracitce by the time this church was built. Traditionally, pebble mosaics were considered more beautiful and prestigious. So while tesserae were used for the mosaics of this church, that is not why the mosaics should be considered beautiful. On the contrary, that makes them much more common and mundane.
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